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Apparatus for the Manufacture of Tar from Pine-Wood.

N0.]'55,275, Patented Sep't;22,1874.' I NH 3 FIGJ.

' WITNESSES INVENT'OR $433M I I g we GRAPH lc no. Pno'roummasa' 4| PARK 'PLAOEJLY.

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H. F. WATSON. Apparatus for the Manufacture of Tar from Pine-Wood. N0.155,275, Patented Sept.22,l874.

WITNESSES I T 9MUM LTNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY F. WATSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-H ALF HIS RIGHT TO CHARLES T. HOLLOWAY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPRlVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TAR FROM PINE WOOD.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 155,275, dated September 22, 1874 application filed March 24, 1874. A

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY F. WATSON, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Process and Apparatus for Rendering 0r Producing Tar, of which process and apparatus the following is a specification:

Myprocess consists in producing tar from pine wood by slow combustion, produced and regulated by the gradual admission of air to the burning portion of the timber, while the main portion of it is confined within a tight chamber.

My apparatus is constructed with a number of metallic sections, constituting, when closed, a tight chamber, to hold the timber to be burned, and capable of removal as the combustion progresses; also, with suitable dampers to regulate the admission of air; also, with suitable ducts to convey the tar to a receptacle as fast as it is .liberated, so that it may not be burned or be discolored and fouled by coals, ashes, and refuse, from which causes great loss and deterioration of the product occur with the usual mode of producing pinetar.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of an apparatus illustrating my invention, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view, with one side removed to show the mode of placing the timber. Fig. 4 is an elevation, partly in section, illustrating a modification.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A and A represent, respectively, transverse and longitudinal sills, supporting an inclined bed-frame, O B, and having stanchions D E, each pair of which is connected at top by cross-beams F and G, respectively. The inclined rear stanchions E are supported and stayed at back by braces H.

The above-named parts, constituting the frame-work of the apparatus, may be constructed of wood.

The bottom I of the rendering-chamber is formed of one or more plates, preferably of cast-iron, resting on the bed-frame O, fire-brick B being interposed to protect the wood. J J

K represent girders of angle-iron, constituting supports for the plates L M N, which, together with any necessary number of movable plates, L M N L M -N L M N, &c., constitute the top and sides of the rendering-chamber. Clips 0 serve to confine the movable plates, while permitting them to slide on the girders as guides. The lower ends of the side plates slide in guides P. The back of the chamber is formed of a stationary plate, Q, with firebrick It behind it. In the bottom I are any desirable number of ducts S, to receive the tar and lead it to one or more spouts, T, which deliver it into suitable receptacles. U is a damper, operated by a rod, V, and serving to regulate the admission of air to the rear of the wood, where the combustion takes place.

In practice, with an apparatus about ten feet wide, the top plates L L &c., and damper U are each made in two parts, for more convenient manipulation.

In the illustration given in Fig. 4, the sections of the rendering-chamber are formed of rings M within which the damper U fits, the said rings being removed in succession as the burning progresses.

The operation is as follows: The renderingchamber being filled with timber, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the joints between the plates are made tight with wet clay applied with a brush. The fire is then lighted at the upper part of the rear end, where it is exposed to the atmosphere above the damper U. As it burns within the chamber the damper is moved in, no more air being admitted than enough to support slow combustion. The effect is to render and liberate the tar by the effect of heat in advance of the actual combustion of the wood, and as fast as the tar is formed it flows down the ducts S and spout T to the receivers without injury. As soon as the timber has burned beyond the first section of the apparatus, the outer slides L M N forming this section, are slid back, admitting air to the next. If the combustion is progressing more rapidly on one side than the other, the slides on that sideare kept closed, while those on the other side are opened to a sufficientextent to stimulate the fire, and maintain an even combustion across the chamber. This regulation of the burning is greatly facilitated by making the damper U in two parts, so that the admission of air at the two sides may be more readily varied.

The above description will render the operation of the vertical apparatus shown in Fig. 4 readily intelligible. In this case the combustion progresses from the top downward, the sections being elevated, and the damper 10W- ered as the burning progresses.

My process not only produces a greater yield of tar from a given amount of wood than the ordinary process, but the tar is of lighter color and greatly improved quality. The invention HENRY F. wATsoN.

Witnesses OOTAVIUS KNIGHT, WALTER ALLEN. 

